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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)從句學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)
要想學(xué)好大學(xué)英語(yǔ)，關(guān)于從句的知識(shí)肯定少不了，下面整理了一些關(guān)于大學(xué)英語(yǔ)從句的學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)，歡迎大家閱讀!
定語(yǔ)從句【放在被修飾的名詞后來(lái)修飾】：
1.由關(guān)系代詞引起的定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系代詞who引起賓語(yǔ)從句
在公益組織工作的人士為了幫助別人。
People who work for charitable organizations usually do so because they want to help people in need.
解釋：People【主語(yǔ)】 who work for charitable organizations【定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people：who定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞代替人“people”做主語(yǔ)，work for...(為......工作)謂語(yǔ)，charitable organizations賓語(yǔ)】 usually【狀語(yǔ)：副詞做狀語(yǔ)】 do【謂語(yǔ)】 so【賓語(yǔ)：so代詞做賓語(yǔ)】because they want to help people in need【because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：they主語(yǔ)，want謂語(yǔ)， to help動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)，people做help的賓語(yǔ)，in need介詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)修飾people】.
那些受過(guò)高等教育的人會(huì)有更多機(jī)會(huì)。
Those who receive higher education have more opportunities.
解釋：Those【those“那些”，代替的是人做主語(yǔ)】 who receive higher education【who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，這定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞只能用who不能用that，因?yàn)閠hose是代詞，所以只能用who;receive謂語(yǔ)， higher education賓語(yǔ)】have【謂語(yǔ)】 more opportunities【賓語(yǔ)】.
關(guān)系詞that/which
可以代替“事物”，做賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候可以省略，但做主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候不能省略
動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)室野蠻的做法，剝奪了動(dòng)物的生命權(quán)。
Animal testing is a babaric practice that deprives animals of the right of subsistence.
解釋：Animal testing【主語(yǔ)】 is【謂語(yǔ)：系動(dòng)詞(is，am，are，was，were，become，feel，sound，smell，taste，turn)，系動(dòng)詞跟的是形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)】 a babaric practice【表語(yǔ)：babaric形容詞做前置定語(yǔ)修飾practice】 that deprives animals of the right of subsistence【關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句做主語(yǔ)，that做主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候不能省略，that代替practice主語(yǔ)，由于practice是單數(shù)，那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就加s/es，deprives謂語(yǔ);animals of the right of subsistence賓語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)of是后置定語(yǔ)修飾right，第一個(gè)of也是后置定語(yǔ)修飾animals】 .
人口過(guò)多和淡水短缺是當(dāng)今人們面臨的兩個(gè)棘手問(wèn)題。
Overpopulation and fresh water shortage are two thorny problems that people are confronted with today.
解釋：Overpopulation and fresh water shortage【主語(yǔ)】 are【謂語(yǔ)：系動(dòng)詞】 two thorny problems【表語(yǔ)】 that people are confronted with【定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞that做的是賓語(yǔ)，因?yàn)楹竺嬉呀?jīng)有主謂了，所以that就是賓語(yǔ)，關(guān)系做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略;people 主語(yǔ)，are confronted with謂語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)的賓語(yǔ)就已經(jīng)提前了，那就是two thorny problems】 today【時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)】.
關(guān)系詞whose代表“某個(gè)人的”在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)
由于遺傳造成的肥胖需要去看醫(yī)生。
Those who obesity is gene-related should consult doctors.
解釋：Those【主語(yǔ)】 whose obesity is gene-related【定語(yǔ)從句：whose obesity主語(yǔ)，由于在定語(yǔ)從句中，obesity名詞作主語(yǔ)了，那么就用形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞，用whose來(lái)修飾obesity，所以whose obesity做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)is(系動(dòng)詞)，表語(yǔ)gene-related(形容詞)】 should consult【謂語(yǔ)，should情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can，could，may，might，will，would，shall，should，must，need)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞單獨(dú)不能成立，要成立的話必須加動(dòng)詞原形做謂語(yǔ)】 doctors【賓語(yǔ)】.
2.有關(guān)系副詞引起的定語(yǔ)從句
When【修飾時(shí)間】，where【修飾地點(diǎn)或領(lǐng)域】，why【修飾原因】
我支持建一坐現(xiàn)代體育館的理由是，體育課對(duì)學(xué)生的健康是非常重要的。
One reason why I support the building of a modern gym is that physical education class is very important to the well-being of students.
解釋：One reason【主語(yǔ)】 why I support the building of a modern gym【定語(yǔ)從句：why代替“原因”，I主語(yǔ)，support謂語(yǔ)，the building of a modern gym賓語(yǔ)(介詞of引導(dǎo)的后置定語(yǔ)of a modern gym后置定語(yǔ)修飾building)】is 【謂語(yǔ)：系動(dòng)詞】that physical education class is very important to the well-being of students【由that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句： physical education class主語(yǔ)，is 謂語(yǔ)，very important表語(yǔ)(very副詞做狀語(yǔ)修飾形容詞important);介詞to引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)，所以to the well-being of students狀語(yǔ)(of介詞引導(dǎo)of students做后置定語(yǔ)修飾well-being】.
博物館是游客們體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕土私鈿v史的好地方。
A museum is a good place where tourists can appreciate the local culture and better understand the local history.
解釋A museum【主語(yǔ)】 is 【謂語(yǔ)】a good place【表語(yǔ)】 where tourists can appreciate the local culture and better understand the local history【由where(代替地點(diǎn))引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，tourists主語(yǔ)，can appreciate 謂語(yǔ)，the local culture賓語(yǔ);and并列連詞，那就是把can appreciate the local culture 和better understand the local history并列，那么understand是并列謂語(yǔ)，better狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)understand，the local history賓語(yǔ)】.
我盼望著有一天能在你飯店美餐一頓。
I look forward to a day when we can enjoy a delicious meal at your restaurant.
解釋：I 【主語(yǔ)】look forward to【謂語(yǔ)】 a day【賓語(yǔ)】 when we can enjoy a delicious meal at your restaurant【由where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，代替時(shí)間day，we主語(yǔ)，can enjoy謂語(yǔ)， a delicious meal 賓語(yǔ)(其中，delicious是前置定語(yǔ)修飾meal)，at your restaurant狀語(yǔ)(介詞短語(yǔ)at引導(dǎo)的做狀語(yǔ))】.
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句which“這”
結(jié)果，這也導(dǎo)致人們面對(duì)面接觸的機(jī)會(huì)越來(lái)越少，從而使人們之間的關(guān)系越來(lái)越淡漠。
This，as a result，has made direct face-to-face human contact less and less necessary，which has led to human relationships become more confusing.
解釋：This【主語(yǔ)】，as a result【介詞引導(dǎo)做狀語(yǔ)】，has made【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+過(guò)去分詞，做謂語(yǔ)】 direct face-to-face human contact【賓語(yǔ)】 less and less necessary【補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)】(提示：make direct face-to-face contact面對(duì)面接觸;make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，形容的的比較級(jí)+形容詞的比較級(jí)“越來(lái)越......”) ，which has led to human relationships becoming more confusing【...，which“這”引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：which
主語(yǔ);has led謂語(yǔ)(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))，lead to “導(dǎo)致”做謂語(yǔ);human relationships 賓語(yǔ)，becoming more confusing(現(xiàn)在分詞當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ)修飾human relationships;more confusing形容詞作表語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閎ecome是系動(dòng)詞，所以more confusing就是表語(yǔ)】.
狀語(yǔ)從句：
1.原因狀語(yǔ)從句(由because，since，as，seeing that+句子，considering that+句子，now that+句子)
此外，因?yàn)樗麄兞私馕覀儯牢覀兊娜秉c(diǎn)，所以能提供有用的建議。
Furthermore，the people who know us well can advise us effectively because they can understand our strengths and weakness.
解釋：Furthermore【狀語(yǔ)：遞進(jìn)】，the people 【主語(yǔ)】who know us well【who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾people，who主語(yǔ)，know謂語(yǔ)，us賓語(yǔ)，well(副詞做狀語(yǔ))】 can advise謂語(yǔ) us賓語(yǔ) effectively【副詞做狀語(yǔ)修飾advise】 because they can understand our strengths and weakness【because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，they主語(yǔ)，can understand謂語(yǔ)，our strengths and weakness賓語(yǔ)，and并列】.
2.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句【although...，...(盡管......，但是......);though;even if雖然，even though既然，no mater，while，whatever】
盡管運(yùn)動(dòng)員與演藝員的收入高得似乎有點(diǎn)離譜，但之所以這樣是有原因的。
Although the salaries of athletes and entertainers seem exorbitant，there are valid reasons why they receive them.
解釋：Although the salaries of athletes and entertainers seem exorbitant【由although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，the salaries of athletes and entertainers 主語(yǔ)(由介詞of引導(dǎo)的of athletes and entertainers做后置定語(yǔ)修飾salaries】，there are valid reasons why they receive them【主句：there be有(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))valid reasons賓語(yǔ)(valid形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾reasons;why they receive them由why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，they主語(yǔ)，receive謂語(yǔ)them賓語(yǔ)】.
條件狀語(yǔ)從句【if如果;unless除非，in case以防;so long as/as long as只要;so far as只要;on condition that+句子“接通條件”;provided that假如
如果破壞了環(huán)境，人類將無(wú)法生存。其次，因?yàn)楣I(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境造成重大的傷害，所以我認(rèn)為企業(yè)有責(zé)任支持在環(huán)保及環(huán)境清潔方面的努力。
If mankind destroys the environment，we will not be able to survive. Second，because industry causes much of the damage to the environment，I believe that companies have some responsibility to support conversation and cleanup efforts.
解釋：If mankind destroys the environment【if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，mankind主語(yǔ)destroys謂語(yǔ) the environment賓語(yǔ)，we will not be able to survive【主句：we主語(yǔ);will not be able to survive謂語(yǔ)】. Second【狀語(yǔ)：遞進(jìn)】，because industry causes much of the damage to the environment【原因狀語(yǔ)從句：industry主語(yǔ); causes謂語(yǔ); much of the damage賓語(yǔ)(重大的傷害);to the environment【狀語(yǔ)：對(duì)環(huán)境】，I believe that companies have some responsibility to support conversation and cleanup efforts【主句：I主語(yǔ)believe 謂語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)， have 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ);some responsibility賓語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ);to support conversation and cleanup efforts由to引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)】.
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